STRENGTH. RELIABILITY. DURABILITY
Construction innovation
Effect from
basalt reinforced strip foundations
Basalt reinforcement means the use of basalt fiber and basalt rebar as reinforcing materials. In this case, there is a complete or partial replacement of steel rebar by these materials.
The basalt rebar is recommended to be used in places where it works in tension: floors, foundations, reinforcement of road surfaces, perimeter pavement, underground utilities, internal reinforcement of masonry, etc.
Basalt fiber reinforces literally everything. It is recommended for use in all structural elements that require high strength, reliability, and durability.
Increased durability
Basalt materials do not corrode and have proven themselves in places with severe operating conditions. They have a low coefficient of thermal expansion and low elongation. These factors improve the reinforcement properties and prevent the formation of microcracks.
No other reinforcing material can compare in durability to basalt.
Ease of use
The basalt rebar is tied identically to steel, it is 4 times lighter than steel, which facilitates working manipulations. Basalt fiber just needs to be poured into the mixture, which is still in a dry state (fiber bundles must be broken into separate monofilaments).
High strength and economy
Basalt fiber has a tensile strength of more than 1200 MPA in comparison with steel, which has 360 … 420 MPA. In addition, 1 kg of basalt fiber creates up to 117 million points of reinforcement at the macro level.
Adding of 3 kg of basalt fiber to 1 m³ of concrete is guaranteed to increase its strength up to 30%, and in 1 m³ of mortar increases up to 55% relating to the unreinforced sample.
This leads to good savings on reinforcement while maintaining the strength properties of the structure.
Convenient and cheap logistics
Basalt rebar can be supplied both in lengths and in coils. This does not require hiring lengthy transport.
An example of arranging nodes and mates of
strip foundation
Explanations:
This section is taken as an example to explain the places of reinforcing basalt materials application in the construction of a strip foundation and associated structural elements.
Main nodes:
- concrete base of the floor (for details, see view A below);
- strip foundation and perimeter pavement (see view B);
- construction of the basement part and the lower part of the brickwork (see view C).
The load-bearing wall can be made of aerated concrete, ceramic blocks or bricks.
Wall insulation. Based on the concept that the wall should be built from materials with the same service life, we recommend using basalt wool as a heater. It has the longest service life, and also has excellent vapor permeability, which allows excess moisture to be removed from the wall into the air gap.
Air gap. The recommended gap between the thermal insulation and the inner surface of the facing brick is 4 cm. It serves to drain condensed steam from the wall.
Facade reinforcement system. It consists of flexible ties (anchors), internal reinforcement of the facing layer and an air gap ventilation system.
Brick facing. The best indicators of durability and reliability are possessed by clinker ceramic bricks.
The sill is designed to protect the basement unit from precipitation inside it.
Socle. The purpose of making the basement is to protect the lower part of the wall from extremely aggressive external influences. The choice of base / plinth materials must be taken with particular care. For example, it can be solid clinker bricks, granite panels, stone. Requirement is that water absorption should be up to 5%, frost resistance over 100 cycles.
Basement insulation. It must have high thermal performance and have the lowest water absorption. For example, it can be extruded polystyrene foam.
Perimeter pavement. Serves to protect the foundation and its thermal insulation from precipitation. It takes on cyclical temperature changes in an extremely aggressive environment.
Sand and sand-gravel layers are part of the drainage and act as a damper against the deformation effect of the soil.
How it is done
View A.
Concrete sub-floor
Layers:
- 8-10 cm fiber cement screed;
- 15-20 cm reinforced fiber-concrete base;
- 20-25 cm sand and gravel mix;
- not less than 400 microns waterproofing film;
- sand cushion.
Fiber cement screed. We recommend adding 1 kg of 12 mm basalt fiber per 1 m³ of mortar to the screed to prevent cracking. If underfloor heating is installed in the screed, we recommend increasing the amount of fiber to 2 kg/m³ of mortar. This will give the reliability, durability, and crack resistance to the layer. In addition, the fiber adds impact resistance to the concrete.
Fiber cement base of the floor. It is the main structural layer of the floor, which takes all the load to itself. We recommend reinforcing this layer with 12 or 24 mm basalt fiber (depending on the size of the crushed stone fraction) at the rate of 2-3 kg of fiber per 1 m³ of concrete and basalt rebar Ø6-8 or 10 mm (for soft soils) with a cell pitch of 20-25 cm, which will give it the highest strength, reliability, and durability. Adding fiber to the base of the floor allows you to reduce the number of reinforcement layers to one, significantly reduce the diameter of the rebar, or even, in some cases, completely abandon it.
View B.
Strip foundation and pavement
Foundation. It is made of concrete by pouring. To increase the strength of the foundation, we recommend adding basalt fiber to it at the rate of 2-3 kg of 24 mm fiber per 1 m³ of concrete. We recommend making the reinforcement cage from Ø8-10 mm basalt rebar. Such a reinforcement well prevents the formation of cracks in the walls during the shrinkage of the building.
Perimeter pavement. Be sure to reinforce the pavement with 12 mm basalt fiber at the rate of 2-3 kg/m³ of concrete with additional Ø5-6 mm basalt rebar reinforcement with 15-20 cm increments. This layer is quite thin, while strong internal stresses arise in it from thermal deformation.
View C.
Construction of the base of the building and the lower part of the brickwork
Anchor with drop deflector. It is a flexible connection, consisting of 3 elements: a nylon dowel, a bar with notches or bends and a nylon washer with a tendril, which is a drip catcher.
Intra-joint ventilation insert. It is a plastic box 10×65×120 mm (WxHxD) with holes through which air passes. It is installed vertically inside the vertical seam through every third brick into the bottom row of masonry and strictly above it into the top row of masonry, as well as under and above the openings. If the height of the wall exceeds 6 m, then another row of inserts is inserted in the middle of the wall. It is advisable to match the color of the inserts to the color of the seam. Instead of inserts, it is allowed to use a plaster mesh twisted into a tube (the goal is to let air in, remove moisture and prevent insects from entering the cladding).
Reinforcement of the masonry joint. To avoid the appearance of cracks in the lower part of the wall and in places where internal stresses are concentrated (corners of buildings, corners of openings, differences in building heights, etc.), we recommend reinforcing both the front and structural masonry of bricks or blocks with basalt rebar Ø4-5 mm … It is important that the sum of the diameters of the rebar and the anchor are less than the assumed thickness of the joint. The recommended joint thickness for both the structural part and the cladding part is 10 cm.
Waterproofing is a film with a thickness of at least 600 microns or roofing material.
The basement is insulated with extruded polystyrene foam.
If plaster is used as a facing layer (“wet facade”), it is recommended to add basalt fiber 5-12 mm to the main plaster layer to further strengthen the layer and increase its service life. Fibers should be added at the rate of 1-2 kg/m³ of mortar. After the plaster layer hardens, thin fiber hairs can stick out from it. They can be easily removed with a brush if desired. After applying a decorative layer of plaster, the presence of fiber in the plaster layer does not show any signs. Only strength!
For Ukraine: basalt fiber and rebar Technobasalt® can be purchased at Epicenter-K stores. You can also contact us by phone or by filling out the form below — we will send you the required amount by the carrier “Nova Poshta”.
General requirements
for the basalt-fiber reinforced concrete preparation
A. For stationary concrete mixing units
1. We recommend preparing the basalt-fiber-concrete mixture in forced-action concrete mixing plants (BSU).
2. To evenly distribute the basalt fiber throughout the entire volume of the concrete mixture, we recommend introducing the fiber when feeding sand and crushed stone to the BSU belt by gradual dosing. Fiber feeding can be done both automatically and manually.
3. We recommend increasing the mixing time of the basalt concrete mixture from 45 to 90 seconds to achieve a uniform distribution of the basalt fiber in the mixture and break the bundles into separate monofilaments.
4. It is not recommended adding basalt fiber to the concrete mix after adding water. This can lead to the formation of lumps and hedgehogs.
B. For on-site concrete mixers
1. Add dry sand to the rotary mixer and then gradually introduce basalt fiber with continuous stirring.
2. With constant stirring, add cement and then crushed stone.
3. It is recommended to set the optimal time for mixing basalt fiber with sand experimentally on your own and then use this time rate later.
4. After the fibers are evenly distributed throughout the volume, separated into individual fibers and all components are completely mixed, add water.
Safety requirements
1. Basalt fiber belongs to the group of hardly combustible materials, it is explosion-proof material. In the process of its application and operation, there is no release of toxic substances. The dust generated during the use of basalt fiber does not contain free silicon dioxide.
2. To protect the respiratory system from fibrous dust, it is necessary to use respirators of the “Petal” type.
3. It is recommended to use dermatological agents in accordance with GOST 12.4.068 as a preventive protection for the skin of the hands.
Your question
Address
01010, Ukraine, Kyiv
Omelyanovycha Pavlenko 4/6
office 14/10
Technobasalt Invest LLC
Phone
+38 (044) 280 93 61
Mobile phone
+38 (067) 557 07 61
sales@technobasalt.com