STRENGTH. RELIABILITY. DURABILITY
Construction innovation
Effect from
basalt reinforcing of foundation with basement
Basalt reinforcement means the use of basalt fiber and basalt rebar as reinforcing materials. In this case, there is a complete or partial replacement of steel rebar by these materials.
The basalt rebar is recommended to be used in places where it works in tension: floors, foundations, reinforcement of road surfaces, blind area, underground utilities, internal reinforcement of masonry, etc.
Basalt fiber reinforces literally everything. It is recommended for use in all structural elements that require high strength, reliability, and durability.
Increased durability
Basalt materials do not corrode and have proven themselves in places with severe operating conditions. They have a low coefficient of thermal expansion and low elongation. These factors improve the reinforcement properties and prevent the formation of microcracks.
No other reinforcing material can compare in durability to basalt.
Ease of use
The basalt rebar is tied identically to steel, it is 4 times lighter than steel, which facilitates working manipulations. Basalt fiber just needs to be poured into the mixture, which is still in a dry state (fiber bundles must be broken into separate monofilaments).
High strength and economy
Basalt fiber has a tensile strength of more than 1200 MPA in comparison with steel, which has 360 … 420 MPA. In addition, 1 kg of basalt fiber creates up to 117 million points of reinforcement at the macro level.
Adding of 3 kg of basalt fiber to 1 m³ of concrete is guaranteed to increase its strength up to 30%, and in 1 m³ of mortar increases up to 55% relating to the unreinforced sample.
This leads to good savings on reinforcement while maintaining the strength properties of the structure.
Convenient and cheap logistics
Basalt rebar can be supplied both in lengths and in coils. This does not require hiring lengthy transport.
An example of arranging nodes and mates of
a foundation with basement
Explanations:
This section is taken as an example to clarify the places of application of reinforcing basalt materials in the construction of the basement of a building and associated structural elements.
- Main nodes:
foundation and drainage (for details, see view A below); - concrete basement floor (see view B);
- interfloor overlap (see view C);
- basement and perimeter pavement (see view D).
The load-bearing wall can be made of aerated concrete, ceramic blocks or bricks.
Base/plinth. The purpose of making the basement is to protect the lower part of the wall from extremely aggressive external influences. The choice of base/plinth materials must be taken with particular care. These materials can be solid clinker bricks, granite panels, stone. We will look at clinker bricks. Requirements are water absorption up to 5%, frost resistance over 100 cycles.
Facade reinforcement system. Consists of flexible ties (anchors), internal reinforcement of the facing layer and ventilation system of the air gap.
Pavement. Serves to protect the foundation and its thermal insulation from precipitation. It takes on cyclical temperature changes in an extremely aggressive environment.
Basement insulation. It must have high thermal indexes and have the lowest water absorption.
For example, it can be extruded polystyrene foam.
The pipe and sand, sand and gravel layers are part of the drainage and the latter act as a damper against the deformation effect of the soil.
How it is done
View A.
Foundation and drainage
Basement and its walls. It is made of concrete by pouring into form work. To increase the strength of the foundation, we recommend adding basalt fiber to it at the rate of 2-3 kg of 24 mm fiber per 1 m³ of concrete. We recommend making the reinforcement frame of the foundation entirely of basalt rebar Ø6/8/10 mm. In the foundation concrete wall it is necessary to use steel reinforcement Ø8/10/12 mm in the verticals of the reinforcement, and in the horizontals use the basalt rebar Ø6/8/10 mm. Such reinforcement well prevents the formation of cracks in the walls of the basement, from the vertical load of the wall and external pressure from the soil, and also protects the above-ground walls from cracking during the shrinkage of the building.
Internal plaster layer. In case there are concerns that excessive humidity and temperature changes may occur in the basement (for example, a garage), it is recommended to add basalt fiber 5-12 mm to the main plaster layer to further strengthen the layer and increase its service life. Fiber should be added at the rate of 1 kg/m³ of mortar. After the plaster layer hardens, thin fiber monofilaments can stick out from it. They can be easily removed with a brush if desired. After applying a decorative layer of plaster, the presence of fiber in the plaster layer does not show any signs. Only strength!
View B.
Basement concrete floor
Layers:
- flooring;
- fiber cement screed 8-10 cm;
- reinforced fiber-concrete base 15-20 cm;
- sand and gravel mix 20-25 cm;
- waterproofing film not less than 400 microns;
- sand cushion.
Fiber cement screed. We recommend adding 1 kg of 12 mm basalt fiber per 1 m³ of mortar to the screed to prevent cracking. If underfloor heating is installed in the screed, we recommend increasing the amount of fiber to 2 kg/m³ of mortar. It will impart reliability, durability, and crack resistance to the layer. In addition, the fiber adds impact resistance to the concrete.
Fiber cement base of the floor. It is the main structural layer of the floor, which bears the entire load. We recommend reinforcing this layer with 12 or 24 mm basalt fiber. The size of fiber depends on the size of the crushed stone fraction, at the rate of 2-3 kg of fiber per 1 m³ of concrete and Ø6-8 or 10 mm basalt rebar for soft soils with a cell pitch of 20-25 cm. It will give the highest strength, reliability, and durability. Adding fiber to the base of the floor allows you to reduce the number of reinforcement layers to one, significantly reduce the diameter of the reinforcement, or even, in some cases, completely abandon it.
View C.
Interfloor overlap
Layers:
- flooring;
- insulation, underfloor heating system;
- fiber cement screed 8-10 cm;
- waterproofing film not less than 400 microns;
- overlap 20 cm.
Fiber cement screed. We recommend adding 1 kg of 12 mm basalt fiber per 1 m³ of mortar to the screed to prevent cracking. If underfloor heating is installed in the screed, we recommend increasing the amount of fiber to 2 kg/m³ of mortar. It will impart reliability, durability, and crack resistance to the layer. In addition, the fiber adds impact resistance to the concrete.
Monolithic overlap. Important. Taking to the account the fact that basalt rebar has insufficient elastic modulus for full reinforcement of the floor, we do not recommend using it in this structure. Use steel as reinforcement. However, if you pour the floor slab yourself, we recommend adding 12 mm basalt fiber to the concrete at the rate of 2-3 kg of fiber per 1 m³ of concrete. It will additionally strengthen the slab and make a good margin of safety. It is especially important to add fiber to the bases of balconies, loggias, and bay window ledges.
View D.
Base and perimeter pavement
Reinforcement of masonry joints. We recommend reinforcing both the front and structural masonry of bricks or blocks with Ø4-5 mm basalt rebar. It will prevent the appearance of cracks in the lower part of the wall and in places where internal stresses are concentrated (corners of buildings, corners of openings, differences in building heights, etc.). It is important that the sum of the rebar diameters and the anchor is less than the assumed thickness of the joint. The recommended joint thickness is 10 cm for both the structural part and the facing part.
Pavement. Be sure to reinforce the pavement with 12 mm basalt fiber at the rate of 2-3 kg/m³ of concrete, with additional reinforcement with Ø5-6 mm basalt rebar at a step of 15-20 cm. This layer is quite thin and, at the same time, strong internal stresses arise in it from thermal deformation.
For Ukraine: Basalt fiber and rebar Technobasalt® can be purchased at Epicenter-K stores. You can also contact us by phone or by filling out the form below, and we will send you the required amount by the carrier “Nova Poshta”.
General requirements
for the basalt-fiber-reinforced concrete preparation
A. For stationary concrete mixing units
1. We recommend preparing the basalt-fiber-concrete mixture in forced-action concrete mixing plants (BSU).
2. To evenly distribute the basalt fiber throughout the entire volume of the concrete mixture, we recommend introducing the fiber when feeding sand and crushed stone to the BSU belt by gradual dosing. Fiber feeding can be done both automatically and manually.
3. We recommend increasing the mixing time of the basalt concrete mixture from 45 to 90 seconds to achieve a uniform distribution of the basalt fiber in the mixture and break the bundles into separate monofilaments.
4. It is not recommended adding basalt fiber to the concrete mix after adding water. This can lead to the formation of lumps and hedgehogs.
B. For on-site concrete mixers
1. Add dry sand to the rotary mixer and then gradually introduce basalt fiber with continuous stirring.
2. With constant stirring, add cement and then crushed stone.
3. It is recommended to set the optimal time for mixing basalt fiber with sand experimentally on your own and then use this time rate later.
4. After the fibers are evenly distributed throughout the volume, separated into individual fibers and all components are completely mixed, add water.
Safety requirements
1. Basalt fiber belongs to the group of hardly combustible materials, it is explosion-proof material. In the process of its application and operation, there is no release of toxic substances. The dust generated during the use of basalt fiber does not contain free silicon dioxide.
2. To protect the respiratory system from fibrous dust, it is necessary to use respirators of the “Petal” type.
3. It is recommended to use dermatological agents in accordance with GOST 12.4.068 as a preventive protection for the skin of the hands.
Your question
Address
01010, Ukraine, Kyiv
Omelyanovycha Pavlenko 4/6
office 14/10
Technobasalt Invest LLC
Phone
+38 (044) 280 93 61
Mobile phone
+38 (067) 557 07 61
sales@technobasalt.com